Non-native Amelanchier spicata (Lam.) K. Koch distribution and impact on the structure and composition of forest phytocenoses in Lithuanian forests

Abstract

The aim of this research was to determine the distribution of Amelanchier spicata in different forests of Lithuania by different forest stand parameters (dominant species, age, stocking level) and forest site types; to determine its impact on the composition and structure of forest phytocenoses and soil chemical characteristics. The research was carried out in June–August, 2016–2017. 24-barrel plots were singled out in different forests of Lithuania. During the forest inventory locations with dominant Amelanchier spicata were selected. The distribution of Amelanchier spicata in forests with different dendrometrical parameters was carried out using the forest inventory database.
The distribution of underbrush species in various stands of forests and forest site types was expressed as a proportion of the total plot area of Lithuanian pine, spruce, birch forests and of Nb, Nc, Lb, Ld, Uc forest site types to determine where Amelanchier spicata was spread mostly. In each barrel, in five randomly selected places, from the top soil layer (0–10 cm) samples were taken and a subsequent chemical analysis was done.
Mostly Amelanchier spicata was spread in pine stand forests and occupied 2,406.4 ha plot area, it was spread in 0.33% of total Lithuanian pine forests. This determined species was found abundantly in N site types, normal 0.7–0.8 stocking level pine forests. It was found that forest communities with Amelanchier spicata were rich of plant species (110 species were found) and grew in less acid and nutritious soils.