Variability of valuable economic traits in M1 and M2 sunflower generations influenced by dimethyl sulfate and γ-rays

Abstract

The development of effective mutation breeding methods and techniques for the modification of radiation and chemical injuries in plants is of vital importance. The effectiveness of induced mutagenesis is growing; therefore, our investigations were focused on the effects of mutagens on the growth and development of mutant generations and the variability of economic signs in M₁ and M₂ sunflower generations under the influence of dimethyl sulfate (DMS) and γ-rays. The aim of our research was to expand the genetic variability of important agronomic traits in M₁ and M₂ sunflower; identification of valuable mutants with altered characteristics in the next generations. Thus, in M₃ of lines Kh201V and Kh06-135V, we selected short mutants (122 cm vs 139 cm in the control) with lemon coloration of petals and multi-leafed mutants (201 leaves vs 23 in the control) with a modified shape and size of calathidium.