Mnemonic Practices and Cultural Memory: Analysis of Symbols and Rituals

Abstract

The study aimed to address memorial practices in the context of the formation of cultural memory in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan. Memorial objects and their socio-cultural context were addressed in the study, including the processes of rethinking memory in the countries of the region after independence. To achieve the aim of the study, key memorials were selected, information about their symbolism and architecture was collected and systematised, and a comparison with global memorialisation practices was made. The study demonstrated that memorial sites in Central Asia contribute to the preservation of national identity and cultural memory by integrating local symbols, ornaments, religious motifs, and historical narratives. The symbolism of memorials in Central Asia combines history with cultural traditions, creating a unique space for collective commemoration. The rituals that accompany memorial practices reflect the desire for social unity through an emphasis on shared values and past events. The peculiarity of the region is that Soviet monuments, unlike in many other post-Soviet countries, are rarely dismantled. Instead, they adapt to new realities by rethinking symbolism, changing the context or integrating national motifs. This approach contributes to the formation of a unique narrative of national memory that organically connects the historical past with modern ideas of national identity and cultural heritage. The findings underline the importance of memorial objects as instruments of cultural memory and provide a broader perspective on their role in shaping socio-cultural identities in postcolonial societies.