Cirsium vulgare leaves: isolation and identification of phenolic compounds

Urtė Griškevičienė; Mindaugas Marksa; Augusta Ževžikovienė; Daiva Kazlauskienė; Rimanta Vainorienė; Andrejus Ževžikovas; Liudas Ivanauskas

doi:10.6001/chemija.v32i3-4.4547

Urtė Griškevičienė
Mindaugas Marksa
Augusta Ževžikovienė
Daiva Kazlauskienė
Rimanta Vainorienė
Andrejus Ževžikovas
Liudas Ivanauskas

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6001/chemija.v32i3-4.4547

Keywords: Cirsium vulgare, bull thistle, phenolic compounds, apigenin7-O-glucoside, rutin, isoquercitrin, hyperoside, chlorogenic acid, HPLC

Abstract

There are a few new researches on the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical application of Cirsium vulgare, but they do not reflect the full potential use of this plant. For the best of our knowledge, no study has been conducted so far to determine the impact of extraction methods and conditions on the extraction yields of phenolic compounds from Cirsium vulgare. We aimed to investigate a simple and sensitive HPLC-PDA method to determine phenolic compounds in Cirsium vulgare extracts. Three extraction techniques as maceration (ME), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and heat-reflux extraction (HRE) were applied and compared for sample preparation to obtain a high recovery of the phenolic compounds. The developed HPLC-PDA method can be used for the preparations of extracts with a high content of bioactive compounds for both pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. Moreover, it was validated and used for the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of phenolic compounds. A simple extraction procedure for phenolic compounds from Cirsium vulgare leaves was optimized in this work through the use of the heatreflux extraction method with 50% ethanol and extraction time of 1.5 h.