Plant density and intra-row spacing effects on phenology, dry matter accumulation and leaf area index of maize in second cropping

Abstract

Crop phenology is one of the most important aspects of crop yield determination and it is essential to predicting physiological responses under varying field conditions. In order to evaluate plant density and intra-row spacing effects on phenology, dry matter accumulation, and leaf area index of maize in second cropping, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted at the research farm of the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. Experimental factors were: plant population at three levels (7, 9, and 11 plants m^–2) with three levels of intra-row spacing (45, 60, and 75 cm). The results showed that the maximum plant height (179.07  cm), total dry matter (592  g  m^–2) in 83–91 days after sowing, days to 50% anthesis (45 days), days to 50% silking (50 days), LAI (4.07) in 63–70 days after sowing were observed in the plots with 11 plants m^–2 and intra-row spacing of 45 cm. Based on the results, it was concluded that application of 11 plants m^–2 with row spacing of 45 cm can be recommended for profitable maize production.