Genetic resources of spring barley: analysis of Hordein polymorphism

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the hordein prolamin polymorphism of spring barley varieties and breeding lines from the collection of genetic resources. Hordein electrophoresis revealed an important set of polymorphisms. Different banding patterns were obtained with D-, C-, and B-hordein groups. In D-hordein group, there were identified three patterns, and according to their presence three profile types were identified. Spring barley varieties and most of the breeding lines (94.5%) were found to possess D1 profile types. D2 and D3 types were identified in the breeding lines that have hulless barley in their pedigree. In the C-hordeins group there were identified seven patterns, and according to their combination four profile types were distinguished in the varieties and eight profile types in the breeding lines.The C1 and C3 types were the most frequent both among the varieties and breeding lines, whereas C5–C8 were identified only in individual breeding lines. In the B-hordein group, 14 patterns were determined. The varieties were found to possess seven and the breeding lines 12 profile types. The B2 and B6 types were most frequent among the varieties and B2 and B12 among the breeding lines. While assessing general hordein composition in spring barley varieties, we determined 14 and in breeding lines 28 different profile types. Part of the varieties (47.1%) and breeding lines (34.4%) were polymorphic by hordein profile types, which means that they were composed of 2–4 profile types. The spring barley varieties ‘Alsa’ and ‘Aura’ possessed identical hordein profilį types, whereas ‘Auksiniai-3’ and some breeding lines possessed specific hordein profile types. Keywords: spring barley, genetic resources, hordein polymorphism, profile types