Toxicity and effectiveness of indirect anticoagulants bramodiolone and brodifacoum

Abstract

We established the toxicity and effectiveness of the preparation R1 containing 0.05% of bromodiolone and R2 containing 0.05% of brodifacoum. We calculated the parameters of acute toxicity of these preparations by using Litchfield–Wilcoxon and Kölber methodologies. We observed mice and rats 10 days after giving them the anticoagulants, we recorded their time of death and dissected them. The parameters of bromadiolone LD50 were determined: 1.7 mg/kg (1.41–2.04 mg/kg) for hite mice and 1.1 mg/kg (1.0–1.2 mg/kg) for white rats. The parameters of brodifakoum LD50 were 0.4 mg/kg (0.34–0.46 mg/kg) for white mice and 0.30 mg/kg (0.21–0.42 mg/kg) for white rats. Granules of R2 and wax blocks of R1 were equally effective against mice and rats. All rats died within 4 to 8 days and mice 6 to 9 days after having eaten the bromadiolone bait. All rats died within 3 to 8 days and mice 5 to 9 days after having eaten the brodifacoum bait. These anticoagulants act when given orally, they are characterised by a latent period and gradual increase in effect, they inhibit blood coagulation in affected tissues, and the animal dies because of haemorrhage. Keywords: rats, mice, rodenticide, bromadiolone, brodifacoum